Accounts Receivable > Transaction Processing > Payments and Adjustments

Payments and Adjustments

You use this program to process payments received from customers, post adjustments against outstanding invoices and enter miscellaneous receipts.

Toolbar and menu

Field Description
Options  
Posting Period Use the Change Posting Period program to indicate the month to which to post transactions.

See Password considerations in Notes and warnings.

Preferences Select this to indicate the default settings for the following options used in this program:
OptionDescription
Default transaction typeIndicate the Transaction type to use by default when accessing this program.
Post to Cashbook in detailIndicate whether the Post to Cash book in detail option must be enabled or disabled by default.
Reset credit statusIndicate whether the Reset credit status option must be enabled or disabled by default.
Bank deposit slip typeIndicate the Bank deposit slip Payment type to use by default.
Save PreferencesSave these preferences against your operator code and use them for future runs of the program until next you change them.
CloseSave the preferences for the current run of the program only.

The default preferences set here can be overridden when processing transactions.

New Clear all fields and add a new transaction.
Customer Indicate the customer code for which the Payment or Adjustment must be processed.

See Password considerations in Notes and warnings.

Find Customer by Invoice Select this icon to use the AR Find Customer for Invoice program to find the specific customer code for which an invoice was created.
Transaction type
Option Description
Payment Select this to enter details of payments received from customers and to process these payments against customers' accounts.
Adjustment Select this to adjust the balance of an outstanding invoice on a customer's account.
Miscellaneous Receipt Select this to enter cash receipts that are not associated with a customer.

See Activity considerations in Notes and warnings.

Post Dated Checks Use the AR Post Dated Checks program view post dated check information for the customer.

Only post dated checks in a status of Cleared can be selected when the PD check status required option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).

This option is only enabled when the Transaction type is Payment.

Print Journal Report Use the AR Cash Journal program to generate the report of AR journals created during the current run of the program.

This is only available after at least one transaction is posted.

You can only print journals if you have access to the AR Cash Journal program.

Post Post the transaction based on the Transaction type as follows:
  • Payments

    The customer's account is updated with the payment details entered.

    If the payment you processed results in the invoice balance being reduced to zero, then the difference in days between the payment date and the invoice date is calculated and added to the total age of all zero balance invoices for the customer. In addition, the total number of zero balance invoices against the customer is increased by 1. These totals are used to determine the average number of days that it takes for the customer to pay an invoice.

    The way entries are posted to Cash Book depends on how you configured the Accounts Receivable link to Cash Book (Accounts Receivable Setup).

  • Adjustments

    The tax portion entered for an adjustment is posted to the Adjustment value (tax) ledger account (General Ledger Integration).

    The adjustment amount is posted to the adjustment ledger code entered. The contra entry is posted to the branch control account.

  • Miscellaneous Receipts

    You must enter the Bank deposit slip details before you can post the transaction when the Bank deposit slip required option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).

The Post function is only enabled once the Undistributed amount in the Information pane is zero.

GL Integration for Payments

Payment entries are posted to Cash Book according to the payment type processed and how Accounts Receivable is linked to Cash Book (Accounts Receivable Setup). AR Payments are created as deposits in the Cash Book, but AR Bank charges are created as withdrawals. This table indicates how the transactions are created.

Integration method Local currency payment to local bank Foreign currency payment to foreign or local bank
Posted in detail Check transactions - a separate deposit transaction is created for each check payment Same as for local.
  Cash transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of the cash payments Same as for local.
  Other transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of the other payments Other transactions - a separate deposit transaction is created for each other payment
  Bank charges - a separate withdrawal is created for each bank charge Same as for local.
Posted by bank Check transactions and Cash transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of check + cash payments Same as for local.
  Other transactions - a separate deposit transaction is created for each other payment Same as for local.
  Bank charges - a separate withdrawal is created for each bank charge Same as for local.
Posted by cash jnl (operator Allow overwrite branch not selected in AR Payments and Adjustments) Check transactions and Cash transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of check + cash payments Same as for local.
  Other transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for other payments Same as for local.
  Bank charges - a separate withdrawal is created for each bank charge Same as for local.
Posted by cash jnl (operator Allow overwrite branch selected in AR Payments and Adjustments) Check transactions - a separate deposit transaction is created for each check payment Same as for local.
  Cash transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of the cash payments Same as for local.
  Other transactions - a single deposit transaction is created for the total of the other payments Other transactions - a separate deposit transaction is created for each other payment
  Bank charges - a separate withdrawal is created for each bank charge Same as for local.

Payments

This section describes the panes and options enabled for a Transaction type of Payment.

Payment Details

Field Description
Transaction options  
Post to Cashbook in detail

This option is enabled under the following conditions:

  • The Cash Book module is installed
  • Integration to Cash Book is defined as Posted by cash journal (Accounts Receivable Setup).
  • The operator is allowed to override the integration level (i.e. from Posted by cash journal to Posted in detail) at the time of capturing payments as defined in Accounts Receivable Setup

If you select this option, then the following transactions for the payments processed are created in the Cash Book:

  • Individual transactions are created for each payment with a payment type of Check.
  • A single transaction per journal is created for the total of all payments with a payment type of Cash.
  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all local currency payments with a payment type of Other
  • Individual transactions are created for each foreign currency payment

If you do not select this option, then the following transactions for the payments processed are created in the Cash Book:

  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all payments made with a payment type of Cash or Check
  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all local currency payments with a payment type of Other
  • A single transaction per journal is created for the total of all foreign currency payments
Reset credit status Select this to reset the customer's credit status once you post the current payment.
Allow overwrite branch

Enable this to indicate the AR branch to which the payment must be processed. A valid Overwrite branch must be entered.

By default, the Account Receivable branch for a payment defaults to the branch defined against the invoice when it was processed.

This option is only enabled when the Allow branch overwrite option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).
Overwrite branch Indicate the AR branch to which the payment must be posted. This only applies when the Allow overwrite branch option is enabled.

The branch is validated according to the integration rules defined in the AR Payments Ledger Interface program. If the geographic area is included in AR payment interface entries, then the customer's geographic area is also validated.

[Note]
  • When you overwrite the branch, both the Re-establish and Unapplied branches are disabled. They will inherit the transaction branch.

  • Overriding the AR branch at the time of payment results in the payment amount being allocated to a different branch from the branch against the invoice.

    This affects the AR payment interface in that the full payment is posted to the GL account linked to the branch entered. If the invoices being paid were captured for different branches and they all have different GL codes in their Payment Interface, then this option bypasses them and posts all the payments to the single GL account associated with the entered branch.

    If these branches have different Accounts Receivable GL control account codes, then an imbalance between the AR balance on the Ledger control account for the branch and the AR balance against the AR branch itself is created.

    A manual General Ledger journal is required to correct this imbalance.

  • See also Payment branch.

Payment details  
Payment amount

Enter the amount of the payment received from the customer.

The payment amount must be entered in the currency of the customer.

If you enter an amount in a foreign currency and Accounts Receivable is integrated to the General Ledger, then you cannot process the payment until you define an Exchange rate variance control account (General Ledger Integration).

The Payment amount is allocated as follows:

  • For non-TPM Customers:

    If the Payment amount entered is less than the outstanding Invoice balance, then the program assigns the entire Payment amount against the Gross amount field for the Invoice when you select an invoice to pay.

    If the Payment amount entered is greater than the outstanding Invoice balance, then the program assigns the outstanding Invoice balance to the gross amount for the Invoice when you select an invoice to pay.

  • For TPM customers

    Irrespective of the Payment amount entered against the invoice, the gross amount against the Invoice always displays the full outstanding invoice balance. The assumption is that you could have received a lesser amount from the customer and written off the balance of the invoice against TPM Deductions.

Reference / Check

Enter a reference number or the number on the customer's check.

This can also be used to indicate the customer's purchase order number.

This reference is printed on the AR Cash Journal.

Payment date

Indicate the date on which the payment is recorded on the customer's account.

This defaults to the current system date but can be changed.

Journal notation Optionally enter a note against the journal. This notation is printed on the AR Cash Journal.
Payment narration

Enter an additional note against the payment. This narration is printed on the AR Cash Journal.

This applies if you selected the Retain payment details option (Accounts Receivable Setup).

Create discount notes

Select this to create a discount credit or debit note for the settlement discount processed as part of the payment transaction.

[Note]

When you process a negative payment, a discount debit note is created.

This applies when the Print credit or debit notes option is set to As required (Accounts Receivable Setup)

See Activity considerations in Notes and warnings.

Exchange rate method

This only applies when processing a payment for a foreign currency customer.

The exchange rate against a currency can only be changed if it is not set to Fixed.

Option Description
Default rate for entire run

Select this to define a default exchange rate for the entire payment.

You enter the exchange rate to use in the Exchange rate field below.

[Note]

When you select this option, you can still change the rate for individual invoices in the Documents to Pay pane if you are processing the payment manually.

When you apply an unapplied payment to an invoice, the system calculates the exchange variance between the invoice(s) and the payment and posts the variance gain/loss to the exchange variance account.

See also: Notes and warnings.

Original invoice rate

Select this to process the payment at the same exchange rate that was used when the invoice was raised.

You typically select this option when there is no difference in the invoice and payment exchange rate (i.e. you do not expect an exchange rate gain/loss to occur).

When you apply an unapplied payment to an invoice and there is a variance between the invoice and payment exchange rates, the difference is posted to the bank control account. This is because the system is not expecting an exchange variance. You therefore need to transfer the amount to the appropriate ledger account manually.

See also: Notes and warnings.

Exchange rate variance Enter the General Ledger code to which exchange variances must be posted for the payment.

This defaults to the exchange rate variance account in your General Ledger Integration options. If this is not defined, then the Currency variance account defined in the AR Currency Variance GL Interface program for the customer's branch is displayed.

The exchange rate variance is calculated as:

Exchange variance = [Round to 2 decimals(payment rate * payment amt )] - [Round to 2 decimals (original invoice rate * payment amount )].

The payment rate is either the rate defined on the Payment Details pane or the rate defined against the individual invoice selected for payment in the Documents to Pay listview. The Original invoice rate is the rate used when the invoice was originally raised and is displayed in the Invoice Details pane.

This field only applies when processing a payment for a foreign currency customer.

Exchange rate

Enter the exchange rate to use for this payment.

This defaults to the rate defined for the currency in the currency table.

Although the rate can be defined here, it can also be defined when you process the payment manually against each invoice.

If you do not change the rate against the invoice in the Documents to Pay listview when processing the payment, then the rate entered in this field is used for the entire payment.

This field only applies when you select Default rate for entire run.

Documents to Pay

This pane enables you to allocate the payment to the appropriate invoice(s). This can be done automatically by selecting the Automatic function, or manually by selecting and entering the details for the invoices you are paying.

Only the invoices you selected to display in the Invoice Filter pane are displayed in the listview.

Field Description
Automatic

Select this to pay all outstanding invoices for the customer automatically (in the displayed sequence), until the Undistributed amount in the Information pane falls to zero.

Credit balance invoices are ignored.

This option is not available when processing payments for a Trade Promotions customer. When applying a payment for a Trade Promotions customer, the total value of invoices selected for payment will generally exceed the total payment amount received. The difference is then applied to the trade promotion. To do this, the invoices must be selected manually. Applying the payment automatically would cause too few invoices to be paid.

If the Request tax portion for invoice option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup) and discount applies to a taxable invoice, then the tax portion of the discount is calculated according to the default tax code.

If the option is enabled and Sales tax integration to general ledger is set to Branch level (Company Tax Options Setup) then the tax portion of the discount is posted to the Adjustment value (tax) code (Accounts Receivable Setup).

If the option is enabled and Sales tax integration to general ledger is set to Tax code level then:

  • if the Sales tax ledger code against the tax code is not defined, then the tax portion of the discount is posted to the Adjustment value (tax) code.

  • if the Sales tax ledger code against the tax code is defined but you did not select the Disburse tax portion to GL code (Accounts Receivable Setup) then for adjustments, tax is posted to the Adjustment value (tax) code and for discounts, tax is posted to the GL account defined for Sales tax against the tax code.

  • if the Sales tax ledger code against the tax code is defined and the Disburse tax portion to GL code option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup) then for both adjustments and discounts, tax is posted to the GL account defined for Sales tax against the tax code.

If you are using Withholding tax, and you process payments involving Withholding tax, then you cannot enter the Withholding tax amount when you use the Automatic function. This means that there is an outstanding balance equal to the Withholding tax amount on each invoice processed. To clear this you can post an Adjustment to the invoice.

Sum Credits Select this to accumulate all credit invoice balances on the customer's account and add them to the total payment amount to be distributed.
Re-establish Select this to re-enter details of an invoice that is no longer held on file. The necessary payments and adjustments can then be entered against the invoice. See the Re-establish invoice section.

See Password considerations in Notes and warnings.

Unapplied Payment

Select this to post a payment to the customer's account without allocating it to any invoice(s).

You use this option when a customer makes a payment without indicating the invoices being paid, but you still want to reflect the payment on the customer's account.

Unapplied payments can be manually allocated to invoices at a later stage.

See the Unapply payment section.

Undo Payments Select this to clear all invoices selected and payment information entered in the Documents to Pay listview.

This enables you to unapply all payments simultaneously.

To unapply a single payment, deselect the checkbox in the first column of the listview for the invoice.

This function does not undo any re-established invoices or unapplied payments processed.

This function is enabled once you select an invoice to pay.

Recalc Amount Recalculates the total Net amount paid on invoices processed in the Documents to Pay listview and automatically enters this amount in the Payment amount field of the Payment Details pane.

See Activity considerations in Notes and warnings.

Column 1 You use the checkbox in this column to indicate the invoice to which to apply a payment amount.

This enables the relevant input fields for the line so you can manually enter the payment details for the invoice.

Removing the tick in this checkbox, undoes any information you entered for the line (i.e. it unapplies the payment).

Invoice This indicates the invoice against which the payment must be processed.
Current balance This indicates the current balance of the invoice. The Current balance and the original invoice value cannot both be zero.
Outstanding This indicates the outstanding balance of the invoice. This is the difference between the Current balance and any settlement discount which applies to the invoice.
Gross amount

Enter the gross amount of the payment to apply to this invoice.

This amount must include settlement discount, trade promotions and withholding tax.

[Note]

When you change the Gross amount, the Discount amount and the Tax amount (if applicable) are automatically recalculated.

When processing a payment for a TPM customer, you can distribute the difference between the Gross amount and the actual check amount you received to trade promotions which will result in TPM adjustments (see the Trade promotions deductions section).

If you are using withholding tax, then the payment amount must be equal to the Current balance when the customer pays the invoice in full, otherwise it must be equal to the payment made against the invoice plus the withholding tax portion on that amount.

For example:

If the customer remittance advice shows that they are only paying 1000.00 on the invoice and the withholding tax portion is 100.00, then the Gross amount must be 1100 and you enter 100.00 in Withholding tax field.

Discount amount

This indicates the settlement discount amount applicable to the invoice.

This is calculated automatically when paying the full invoice amount and the payment falls within the terms discount. No discount is calculated if the payment amount falls outside of the terms discount. In this case, the discount must be manually entered.

The Discount amount is calculated according to the AR Invoice Terms code defined against the transaction and the options selected against the Calculation for terms discount option (Accounts Receivable Setup). For example, if the Calculation for terms discount option is set to Include tax, then the Original discount amount saved for the invoice is calculated on Invoice amount + Tax amount. If this option is not enabled, then the Original discount amount is calculated on the Invoice amount only. The Original discount amount is only calculated at point of invoice entry.

The discount is based on the Gross payment amount, providing this is not greater than the Current balance (i.e. the customer is not overpaying the invoice). If the Gross payment is greater than the Current balance, then the discount is based on the Current balance amount.

For non-TPM customers, the discount is only calculated if the total Payment amount/undistributed amount is greater than the Outstanding balance of the invoice.

For TPM customers, the Outstanding balance of the invoice is distributed regardless of the entered Payment amount/undistributed amount and the discount is therefore always calculated.

When processing a partial payment, you must enter the discount amount manually and use the Calculate button at the Discount amount field to recalculate the Tax amount.

[Note]

When you change the Discount amount, the Tax amount is automatically recalculated if tax is applicable.

The discount amount is posted to the Discounts ledger account.

Tax amount

This is the tax portion of the settlement discount or the withholding tax amount. Use the tool tip to see what the tax amount column refers to.

  • Tax portion of discount

    This only applies if the Request tax portion for invoice option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup) and there is a value in the Discount amount field.

    No tax on settlement discount can be apportioned when the Request tax portion for invoice option is not enabled.

    The tax portion of the discount is calculated from the Default tax code if this is not set to {none}.

    [Note]
    • When processing a full payment, the Tax amount is automatically recalculated when you change the Gross amount or the Discount amount.

    • No other fields are recalculated when you change the Tax amount.

    • Withholding tax is not recalculated automatically.

    If you set the Default tax code to {none} then you need to manually enter the tax on settlement discount if required.

    The Tax amount cannot be greater than the Discount amount.

  • Withholding tax

    If you are using Withholding tax, you can enter the amount of withholding tax deducted by the customer.

    If there is settlement discount on the invoice, then the program automatically calculates the discount amount for you. However, the system assumes that you will enter the withholding tax amount from the customer's remittance advice, so if you want to check the tax withheld by your customer, you need to calculate it manually.

    The payment amount that you enter against the invoice must be equal to the invoice balance if the customer pays the invoice in full, otherwise it must be equal to the payment made against the invoice plus the withholding tax portion on that amount.

Reference Enter a reference for the payment.
Exchange rate This indicates the exchange rate to apply for the payment of the invoice and only applies to foreign currency customers.

You can change this rate if you selected the option: Default rate for entire run in the Payment Details pane and the rate is not fixed against the currency.

The exchange rate for each invoice is not displayed by default. It is only displayed once you select the invoice for payment. To display the exchange rate automatically, the program would have to calculate and reload each entry in the listview depending on the Exchange rate method you selected. This would affect performance when a large number of entries exist on file.

The exchange rates for an invoice are displayed in the Invoice Details pane.

Customer PO This is the customer's purchase order number.
Invoice date This is the date on which the invoice became due for payment.
Net amount This is the net payment amount allocated to the invoice. This is the Gross amount less the Discount amount.
Balance amount This indicates what the new invoice balance will be when the payment is posted.
Type This indicates the invoice type.

Re-establish Invoice

This pane is displayed when you select the Re-establish function in the Documents to Pay pane.

The Re-establish option should only be used in exceptional circumstances. For example when you recover a debt previously written off.

You should not use the Re-establish Invoice option for duplicate payments received from customers. If a customer pays the same invoice twice and the invoice is no longer on file, then you should process the second payment as an unapplied payment. Once you have liaised with your customer, you can either process a refund or apply the payment to other outstanding invoices.

[Note]

Re-establishing an invoice merely reinstates the number of an invoice which no longer appears on the customer's account and enables you to allocate a payment to it. It does not debit the customer's account with the invoice amount entered (i.e. the customer's balance is not affected by re-instating an invoice).

Once you have processed a payment against a re-instated invoice, you must process the appropriate adjustment to the customer's account to contra the credit to the customer's account balance created by the payment. For example, if the invoice was previously written off to bad debts, you would create an adjustment debiting the customer's account and crediting bad debts recovered.

Field Description
Add Select this to re-establish the invoice.
Cancel Select this to close the Re-establish Invoice pane and return to the Documents to Pay pane without re-establishing the invoice.
Re-establish invoice  
Original invoice Enter the original invoice number.
Original branch Enter the original AR branch for the invoice.

This is set to the transaction branch and cannot be changed when you select the Allow overwrite branch option in the Payment Details pane.

Original amount

Enter the original amount of the invoice. This should equal the payment amount to process against the invoice.

[Note]

The amount entered here does not affect the customer's balance.

Original date Enter the original date of the invoice.
Original terms This defaults to the terms code defined against the customer, but can be changed.
Original discount

Enter the original discount given for the invoice.

This field can be accessed only if the customer has been assigned a discount in the invoice terms.

Customer PO Enter the customer's purchase order number.
Original rate

This indicates the exchange rate at which the invoice was originally processed.

Enter this required exchange rate.

This only applies to foreign currency customers.

Unapply Payment

This pane is displayed when you select the Unapplied Payment function in the Documents to Pay pane.

You can use the Reference field in the Payment Details form to record the customer's purchase order number.

Field Description
Add Select this to add the unapplied payment.
Cancel Select this to close the Unapply Payment pane and to return to the Document to Pay listview without adding the unapplied payment.
Unapplied payment  
Highest available _CR for customer If no unapplied payments have been processed for the customer, then this indicates the next unapplied payment ID you can use. You do not have to use this ID.

If unapplied payments exist for the customer, then this indicates the highest unapplied payment ID already used. You cannot re-use this ID as each unapplied payment for a customer must have a unique identification.

Suffix for unapplied payment

This is a numeric field in which you can enter up to 12 integers to the automatically applied prefix of _CR to make up a unique identification for the unapplied payment. For example if you enter 101, then the unique ID for the unapplied payment becomes _CR101.

The number of integers you can add depends on the presentation length defined for AR invoices (Set Key Information).

Branch This indicates the Accounts Receivable branch for the payment.

This is set to the transaction branch and cannot be changed when you select the Allow overwrite branch option in the Payment Details pane.

Invoice Filter

These options enable you to indicate which invoices to display in the Documents to Pay listview.

The Invoice Filter was specifically designed for use when you store a large number of invoices in your database. Due to the delay that loading large numbers of invoices causes, you can choose to load only the invoices that meet the criterion specified here. You cannot apply the filter again once you have selected an invoice, but you can use Ctrl+F function to locate items once the invoices are loaded. Alternatively, the Age bracket column can be added to the listview to assist with filtering invoices.

By default, all invoices excepting zero balance retained invoices are displayed in the Documents to Pay grid. You can use the Filter Rows (CTRL+F) listview functionality to reduce the number of invoices displayed in the Documents to Pay grid.

Note that once invoices have been selected for payment and you filter the rows, only invoices that meet the criteria are loaded in the grid. The invoice already selected for payment may now be hidden from the screen, but they are still part of the transaction calculation. If at any point you want to see all the processed transactions, you simply clear the filter. This filter is therefore more flexible than the Invoice Filter as it can use any value in any column to limit the loaded data.

Field Description
Refresh Invoices Select this to redisplay the information in the listview to reflect changes you made to the options in this pane.

This is only enabled when you make a change to the selections.

Autoload Values These options enable you to indicate how you want to save the selections made in this pane.

You can choose to set all selections as they were when you last ran the program (i.e. Load Previous Form Values) or save your selections in the pane as your default preferences for all companies, or for the current company only (i.e. Save Form Values as Default or Save Form Values for this Company).

If you have saved form values for the company or as the default, then you can remove these settings and restore them to the form's default preference selections.

Invoice selection  
Include invoices

Indicate the invoices to display in the listview.

Option Description
All invoices Select this to display all invoices, irrespective of ages or balances.

When you select this option, you can use the Filter Rows (CTRL+F) listview functionality to further reduce the number of invoices loaded in the Documents to Pay grid.

Selected invoices Select this to indicate the invoices to display in the listview, based on age or balance.
Invoice age selection

Indicate the invoices to display based on their ages if you selected the Selected invoices option.

Invoice balance selection
Option Description
Zero balance invoices Select this to display invoices with a zero balance in the listview.
Zero balance retained Select to display retained invoices with a zero balance in the listview.
Invoice filters These filters enable you to indicate which transaction types to include in the listview. They are useful when you have a large number of transactions against your customers.

A Customer number must be entered before the Browse buttons against these filters can be used. When selecting to filter on a Range, both the From and To fields must be specified for the listview to be populated. These filters cannot be used in conjunction with finance charge invoices.

Invoice selection Indicate the invoice number(s) to include in the listview.
Credit note selection Indicate the credit note number(s) to include in the listview.
Debit note selection Indicate the debit note number(s) to include in the listview.
Unapplied payment selection Indicate the unapplied payment number(s) to include in the listview.

Trade Promotion Deductions

This only applies to Trade Promotions customers.

If the customer is defined as a Trade Promotions customer, then the customer may have taken deductions off the payment in lieu of promotions accruals. In that case, the invoices you selected to pay will add up to more than the check (payment) amount.

The options in this pane enable you to allocate the difference in value between the payment amount and the invoices selected for payment to trade promotions deduction codes. Once allocated, you can use the Deduction Review program to evaluate and either resolve or refute these deductions.

See Activity considerations in Notes and warnings.

The tax portion of the deduction is automatically calculated according to the tax code defined for this option when the Tax included in deductions and accruals option is enabled (Trade Promotion Setup).

When Canadian GST is required (Company Tax Options Setup) and the customer is taxable, then the GST tax is calculated, followed by the tax portion and the two tax amounts are added together to give the total tax on the deduction amount.

See also Trade Promotion deduction allocation restrictions in Notes and warnings.

Field Description
Add Select this to add details for a deduction.

The difference between the invoice value and the payment amount can be divided into any number of deductions, each to the same or different deduction codes.

This reduces the value in the Undistributed amount field in the Information pane.

Remove Select this to remove the currently highlighted deduction code/amount combination from the list of deduction amounts currently applied. This increases the value in the Undistributed amount field in the Information pane.
Deduction code Enter the deduction code to apply to the deduction.

This code determines the General Ledger accounts to which the deduction amount is posted.

GL Deduction This indicates the General Ledger account to which the deduction amount will be debited. This is the Deduction GL account defined against the deduction code in the Deduction Code program.
Reference Enter a notation for the deduction transaction.

When processing a deduction for a Trade Promotions customer, the reference field is mandatory for the following reasons:

  • Multiple entries can be processed against the same deduction code, so the reference enables you to distinguish between the entries.
  • The deductions are applied to the invoices after the payments, and not to specific invoices, so the reference is used for identification purposes. For example, the reference can be used to identify the invoices to which the deductions were applied.
Amount Enter the amount to apply to the invoice. This amount can only be negative when processing a negative payment.

Invoice Details

This displays details of the line currently highlighted in the Documents to Pay listview.

Reviews

The Review Transactions and Currency Review panes display a review of the transactions processed during the current run of the program.

Adjustments

This section describes the panes and options enabled for a Transaction type of Adjustment.

Adjustment Details

Field Description
Transaction options  
Post to Cash book in detail

If you select this option, then the following transactions for the payments processed are created in the Cash Book:

  • Individual transactions are created for each payment with a payment type of Check.
  • A single transaction per journal is created for the total of all payments with a payment type of Cash.
  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all local currency payments with a payment type of Other
  • Individual transactions are created for each foreign currency payment

If you do not select this option, then the following transactions for the payments processed are created in the Cash Book:

  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all payments made with a payment type of Cash or Check
  • A single transaction is created per journal for the total of all local currency payments with a payment type of Other
  • A single transaction per journal is created for the total of all foreign currency payments

This option is enabled under the following conditions:

  • The Cash Book module is installed
  • Integration to Cash Book is defined as Posted by cash journal (Accounts Receivable Setup).
  • The operator is allowed to override the integration level (i.e. from Posted by cash journal to Posted in detail) at the time of capturing payments.
Reset credit status Select this to reset the customer's credit status once you post the current adjustment.
Allow overwrite branch

Enable this to indicate the AR branch to which the adjustment must be processed.

By default, the Account Receivable branch for a payment defaults to the branch defined against the invoice when it was processed.

[Note]

Overriding the AR branch at the time of adjustment results in the adjustment amount being allocated to a different branch from the branch against the invoice.

If these branches have different Accounts Receivable GL control account codes, then an imbalance between the AR balance on the Ledger control account for the branch and the AR balance against the AR branch itself is created.

A manual General Ledger journal would need to be created to correct this imbalance.

This option is only available when the Allow branch override option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).
Overwrite branch Select this to indicate the AR branch to which the adjustment must be posted.

This only applies when the Allow branch override option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).

Adjustment details  
Adjustment amount Enter the total adjustment amount.

This field is not mandatory and can therefore be used as a hash total field if required.

You can enter the individual adjustment amounts against the invoices in the Documents to Adjust listview and post these directly.

If you do enter an amount in this field, then the program checks that the total of the adjustments posted against the invoices balances to this amount, before allowing you to post.

Documents to Adjust

You use this listview to process the Adjustment amount against one or more invoices.

Only the invoices you selected to display in the Invoice Filter pane are displayed in the listview.

Field Description
Undo Adjustment Select this to clear all invoices selected and the adjustment information entered in the Documents to Adjust listview.

This is enabled once you select an invoice to adjust.

[Note]

To undo a single adjustment, deselect the checkbox in the first column of the listview for the invoice.

Column 1 You use the checkbox in this column to select the invoice to which to apply an adjustment amount.

This enables the relevant input fields for the line.

Removing the tick in this checkbox, undoes any information you entered for the line.

Invoice This indicates the invoice, debit note, credit note or unapplied payment number.
Type This indicates the invoice type.
Invoice date This is the date on which the invoice was originally processed.
Original value This indicates the original amount of the invoice.
Current balance This is the invoice's current balance. The Current balance and the original invoice value cannot both be zero.
Customer PO This indicates the customer's purchase order number.
Adj. amount inclusive

Enter the taxable portion of the adjustment. This can be either a positive or a negative amount, depending on whether you want to increase or decrease the invoice balance respectively.

If you enabled the Disburse tax portion to GL code option (Accounts Receivable Setup) then the taxable portion of the adjustment amount is disbursed to the Sales tax ledger code assigned to the Tax code.

If the entry at the Sales tax ledger code field is blank, or the option: Disburse tax portion to GL code is not enabled, then the taxable portion of the adjustment amount is disbursed to the Adjustment value (tax) GL control account (Cash Book Setup).

Tax code

This indicates the tax code to use to calculate the taxable portion of the adjustment.

This defaults to the Default tax code defined (Accounts Receivable Setup).

The Descriptive tax code must be used if defined (Descriptive Tax Code Browse/Maintenance).

You can only access this field if the customer is defined as taxable, and the Request tax portion for invoice option is enabled (Accounts Receivable Setup).

Tax amount This is the tax amount calculated according to the Tax code.
Reference The reference you assign to the adjustment is printed on the AR Cash Journal.
Ledger code

This applies when Accounts Receivable is linked to General Ledger in Detail or Summary (General Ledger Integration).

This defaults to the GL account defined for Adjustments against the AR branch, but can be changed.

The ledger code entered here is printed on the AR Cash Journal.

This code is not validated when General Ledger integration is set to Not linked to GL distribution report.

Journal notation Optionally enter a notation (such as a reason) for the adjustment. This is printed on the AR Cash Journal.
Balance amount This indicates what the invoice balance will be when the adjustment amount is posted.

Invoice Details

This displays details of the line currently highlighted in the Documents to Adjust listview.

Invoice Filter

These options enable you to indicate which invoices to display in the Documents to Adjust listview.

Field Description
Refresh Select this to redisplay the information in the Documents to Adjust listview to reflect changes you made to the options in this pane.

This is only enabled when you make a change to the selections.

Autoload Values These options enable you to indicate how you want to save the selections made in this pane.

You can choose to set all selections as they were when you last ran the program (i.e. Load Previous Form Values) or save your selections in the pane as your default preferences for all companies, or for the current company only (i.e. Save Form Values as Default or Save Form Values for this Company).

If you have saved form values for the company or as the default, then you can remove these settings and restore them to the form's default preference selections.

Invoice selection  
Include invoices Indicate the invoices to display in the listview.
OptionDescription
All invoicesSelect this to display all invoices, irrespective of ages or balances.
Selected invoicesSelect this to indicate the invoices display in the listview, based on age or balance.
Invoice age selection

Indicate the invoices to display based on their ages if you select the Selected invoices option.

Invoice balance selection
Option Description
Zero balance invoices Select this to display invoices with a zero balance in the listview.
Zero balance retained Select to display retained invoices with a zero balance in the listview.

Reviews

The Review Transactions and Currency Review panes display a review of the transactions processed during the current run of the program.

Miscellaneous Receipt

This section describes the panes and options which are enabled for a Transaction type of Miscellaneous Receipt.

If Accounts Receivable payments are linked to Cash Book, then these entries will update the Cash Book module.

Foreign currency miscellaneous receipt transactions can be processed providing you indicated that foreign currency sales are required (Accounts Receivable Setup).

Miscellaneous Details

[Note]

You need to select the Go arrow icon to enable the fields in this pane.

Field Description
Miscellaneous receipts  
Receipt bank

Indicate the bank into which the miscellaneous receipt was deposited.

If Payments are linked to the Cash Book module, then the default Cash account held against the bank is automatically used as the Debit ledger code and debited with the payment amount.

Currency

Indicate the currency of the miscellaneous receipt.

This applies only if you indicated that foreign currency sales are required (Accounts Receivable Setup) and the receipt amount is in a foreign currency.

If you specified a foreign bank at the Receipt bank field, then you can only enter the currency of that bank.

This field is not available for local currency transactions.

Branch Indicate the Accounts Receivable branch against which to enter the receipt.
Receipt amount Indicate the payment amount of the receipt.
Reference Optionally enter a reference. This is printed on the AR Cash Journal.
Receipt date Indicate the date of the miscellaneous receipt.
Debit ledger code

Indicate the General Ledger code to debit with the receipt amount.

This applies if Accounts Receivable is linked to General Ledger in Detail or Summary (General Ledger Integration).

The ledger code entered here is printed on the Cash Journal report.

If payments are linked to the Cash Book then the default cash account held against the bank is automatically displayed and debited with the payment amount.

Credit ledger code

Indicate the General Ledger code to credit with the receipt amount.

This applies when Accounts Receivable is linked to General Ledger in Detail or Summary.
Journal notation Optionally enter a notation for the journal. This is printed on the AR Cash Journal.
Exchange rate

Indicate the applicable exchange rate or accept the default entry displayed.

The default rate is the rate in the currency exchange rate table.

This field is not available for local currency transactions or if the currency is fixed.

Reviews

The Review Transactions and Currency Review panes display a review of the transactions processed during the current run of the program.

Bank Deposit Details

This pane enables you to enter the details to print on the bank deposit slip for customer payments, if you indicated that a bank deposit slip is required (Accounts Receivable Setup).

Field Description
Bank deposit slip details  
Bank

Indicate the bank into which the payment was received or will be deposited.

You can only enter a foreign currency bank if you selected the Foreign currency sales required option (Accounts Receivable Setup). In addition, if this option is selected, then the bank's currency must either match the customer's currency or the local currency.

Account description This indicates the description of the Bank entered.
Account number This indicates the account number defined against the Bank entered.
Payment type

Indicate the payment method used.

If Accounts Receivable is linked to the Cash Book, then the payment type defined against each payment, together with the method of integration determines how the transactions are created in the Cash Book as follows:

  • If the integration option: Posted in detail is selected, then individual transactions are created for each payment with a payment type of Check and a single transaction is created for the total of all payments with a payment type of Cash.

    If the integration option: Posted in detail is not selected, then a single transaction is created for the total of all payments made with a payment type of Check or Cash.

  • A single transaction is created for the total of all local currency payments with a payment type of Other.
  • If the integration option: Posted in detail is selected, then individual transactions are created for each foreign currency payment.

    If the integration option: Posted in detail is not selected, then a single transaction is created for the total of all foreign currency payments.

Option Description
Check Select this to indicate that the payment was made by check.

If you select this option then you can enter details of the drawer's name, bank and branch.

Cash Select this to indicate that the payment was received in cash.
Other

Select this to indicate that the payment was made by a means other than cash or check (e.g. Bank draft).

[Note]

Payment transactions made for Payment type: Other are not printed on the Bank deposit section of the AR Bank Deposit Slip.

This is because it is assumed that these payment types are non-monetary and are therefore not deposited into the bank. The transactions are, however, printed on the Office copy section of the AR Bank Deposit Slip to enable you to balance back to the AR Cash Journal.

Drawer's name

Enter the name of the drawer on the check.

For a Payment or Adjustment transaction, the drawer's name defaults from the customer code entered, but can be changed.

This field only applies when the Payment type is Check.

Drawer's bank

Enter the bank on which the check was drawn.

This field only applies when the Payment type is Check.

Drawer's branch

Enter the bank branch on which the check was drawn.

This field only applies when the Payment type is Check.

Bank currency This indicates the currency code of the Bank entered.
Bank charges amount

This indicates the amount of bank charges associated with the deposit.

[Note]

This amount can only be entered in the currency of the Bank.

This field is only enabled if the option: Enter bank charges in AR payments is selected against the selected Bank.

Bank exchange rate

This indicates the exchange rate to use for the bank charges.

This only applies when entering a Payment for a foreign currency customer and the rate for the currency is not set to fixed.

Reviews

The Review Transactions and Currency Review panes display a review of the transactions processed during the current run of the program.

Review Transactions

Details of the Accounts Receivable journals created for the transactions posted during the current run of the program are displayed in this pane.

Column Description
Journal This indicates the AR cash journal number created for the transaction.
Year This is the financial year into which the AR journal was created.
Month This is the financial month into which the AR journal was created.
Type This indicates the type of transaction processed.
Check amount

This indicates the actual payment amount received from the customer.

This amount is repeated for all invoices paid with the same check, which enables you to see which invoices were paid by a specific check.

This applies to Payment and Miscellaneous Receipt transaction types.

Net amount

This is indicates how the Check amount was distributed to each invoice. The amount applied to each invoice is displayed.

This applies to Payment transaction types.

Currency Review

This only applies to payments processed for foreign currency customers.

This information applies to the current run of the program only.

Column Description
Currency This indicates the currency code in which the payment was processed.
No. of Payments This indicates the number of foreign currency payment transaction processed for the currency code
Value This indicates the foreign currency payment value processed.

Information

This pane displays information relating to the customer and the transaction(s) processed.

Column Description
Customer information This information relates to the customer for whom you are processing the transaction.
Distributed value
  • Undistributed amount

    This indicates the amount of the payment or adjustment not yet allocated to any invoices.

    If you are processing a manual payment for a non-TPM customer then this displays the value of the payment amount not yet allocated to invoices. You cannot allocate more than the remainder of the payment amount.

    If you are processing a manual payment for a TPM customer then this displays the full amount of the invoice. The reason is that you can elect to pay the whole invoice and you are then prompted to distribute the overpayment amount to trade promotions which will result in the TPM adjustments.

    The Post function is only enabled once this value is zero (i.e. once the entire payment or adjustment is allocated to invoices).

Recap totals
[Note]
  • All values are displayed in the local currency of the company.

  • The values apply to the current run of the program only.

  • Values are displayed only after at least one transaction is posted.

Option Description
Post year This indicates the year into which the transaction will be processed.
Post month This indicates the period into which the transaction will be processed.
Current AR balance This is the current Accounts Receivable control total after the transaction(s) are processed.
Journals processed This is the total number of journals created.
Payments This is the total number of payments processed.
Adjustments This is the total number of adjustments processed.
Receipts This is the total number of miscellaneous receipts processed.
Discounts This is the total number of discount entries processed.
Withholding This is the total number of withholding tax entries processed.
Payments value This is the gross total value of payments processed. It includes Post Dated Checks, Sum of Credits and Unapplied Credits, but excludes discounts given.
Adjustments value This is the total value of adjustments processed.
Receipts value This is the total value of miscellaneous processed.
Discounts value This is the total value of discounts processed.
Withholding value This is the total value of withholding tax processed.

AR Adjustments Custom Field

This displays the custom form information defined for adjustment type transactions.

Column Description
Add Fields to this Form Select this to use the Field Selector for Form program to add the custom form fields to this pane.

Hints and tips

  • You can filter invoices in the Documents to Pay listview based on their ageing bracket by adding the Age bracket column to the listview using the Field Chooser.

  • For customers who are on hold, a warning message is displayed before allowing you to proceed with posting transactions.

    To block any transactions for customers on hold, you can enable the eSignature: AR Adjustment Posted accordingly.

  • You may consider using the AR Payments Import or AR Payment Run program to process payments when you have a huge invoice database.

Notes and warnings

Restrictions and limits

  • Only the first 15 characters of Reference fields are displayed in the Customer Query program.

  • You cannot sort any grid columns that can be edited, or any columns affected by the results of editable columns (e.g. changes to the Gross amount affect the Net amount and the Balance amount).

    Columns that cannot be sorted include:

    • Checked columns (i.e. a column with a check box), Gross amount, Discount amount, Tax amount, Reference, Exchange rate, Net amount, Balance amount and Deductions.

    • for Adjustments

      Adj.Amount inclusive, Tax code, Tax amount, Reference, Ledger code, Journal notation and Balance amount, including the Ar Adjustments custom columns.

    • for Trade Promotions

      Deduction code, GL Deduction, Reference and Amount.

    Adj.Amount inclusive, Tax code, Tax amount, Reference, Ledger code, Journal notation and Balance amount.

Currency exchange variance considerations

  • Exchange rate variances arising from payments processed in this program are posted to the Realized variance account defined in the AR Currency Variance GL Interface program (General Ledger Integration - Variance interfaces). If the Realized variance account is not defined, then the variances are posted to the account specified in the Exchange rate variance field of the (General Ledger Integration).

    If the invoice being paid was revalued using the AR Exchange Rate Revaluation program, then a reversing entry to remove the unrealized loss/gain amount is also created, and the entry for the new unrealized loss/gain is also recorded.

  • The exchange rate from the Ar Invoice table is populated with the original exchange rate when the invoice balance becomes zero. Therefore, when processing an adjustment against a zero balance invoice, the invoice is treated as a 'new' invoice (i.e. one against which no revaluations have occurred).

  • To ensure that the unrealized variance can be reversed, the program checks the ArInvoice table for zero entries in the 'OrigInvRate' column. If any revaluations were performed against the invoice, then the Exchange Rate from the ‘BefPostConvRate’ is used to populate the 'OrigInvRate' column in the ArInvoice table. If no revaluations were performed on the invoice, then the 'ConvRate' from the ArInvoice table is used to populate the 'OrigInvRate' column.

    The following message is displayed when duplicate invoice, debit and/or credit note numbers exist:

    The original invoice rate cannot be determined. Please contact your SYSPRO support consultant.

    In addition, a warning message is displayed when the Unrealized variance account is not defined in the AR Currency Variance GL Interface program (General Ledger Integration - Variance interfaces). The journal will be created with the missing ledger codes and placed on hold.

Trade Promotion deduction allocation restrictions

  • The sequence in which the documents are displayed in the Documents to Pay listview is crucial when posting TPM deductions. TPM deductions are allocated starting with the last entry in the Documents to Pay listview and progressing upwards until the entire deduction amount is allocated.

    You therefore need to ensure that the documents to which you selected to allocate the TPM deduction amount are the last ones listed in the Documents to Pay listview. You can use the following columns to sort the documents: Invoice, Current balance, Outstanding, Customer PO, Invoice date and Type.

  • A positive Trade Promotion deduction amount can only be applied to lines with a positive amount in the Documents to Pay listview and, similarly, a negative Trade Promotion deduction amount can only be applied to lines with a negative amount in the Documents to Pay listview.

    You cannot allocate a TPM deduction amount to a mixture of positive and negative document amounts in the Documents to Pay listview. If you have done this, then a TPM Allocation error message is displayed when you attempt to post the payment.

Settlement discount notes numbering

  • The generation of settlement discount notes is dependent on the Credit or debit settlement notes - Allow multiple invoices option (Accounts Payable Setup) as follows:

    • When the Allow multiple invoices option is enabled, then the note type is determined by the check amount. If the check amount is positive, then a Credit note type is generated. If the check amount is negative, then a Debit note type is generated.

      A single discount note document is created per payment processed.

    • When the Allow multiple invoices option not is enabled, then the note type is determined by the invoice amount. If the invoice value is positive, then a Credit note type is generated. If the invoice amount is negative, then a Debit note type is generated.

      A discount note document is generated for each invoice paid.

    • Settlement discount note numbers are generated according to the Next discount credit note and Next discount debit note entries in the program (Set Key Information).

GL Analysis considerations

  • If the GL analysis required option is enabled for a ledger account used in this program (General Ledger Codes or GL Structure Definition) then the Capture GL Analysis Entries program is displayed when you post the transaction, so that you can enter the analysis details. For a sub module transaction, the sub module must also be linked to the General Ledger in Detail at company level (General Ledger Integration) or at ledger account code level (General Ledger Codes or GL Structure Definition). GL analysis entries cannot be entered from sub modules if the sub module is linked to the General Ledger in Summary at company level or at ledger account code level.

    Note that the GL analysis required option is ignored for all GL codes which are defined in General Ledger Integration. This applies even when the GL code is manually entered in a posting program. Although GL integration programs may be entered manually, they may also be called automatically by other programs or may be automated, which means that they can never be stopped to allow GL analysis entries to be captured.

    If the GL analysis code used does not exist in the GenAnalysisCat table, then a message to this effect is displayed and the program will not prompt for analysis again. The GL journal will be created but not posted until the GL code, GL analysis code and GL journal are corrected.

    The Ask Me Later function is only available when the option: Force GL Analysis - GL journal posting is enabled for the sub-module (General Ledger Integration).

    General Ledger analysis entries are always distributed in the local currency, regardless of the currency in which the original transaction is processed.

eSignature considerations

Electronic Signatures provide security access, transaction logging and event triggering. This enables you to increase control over your system changes.

Access to the following eSignature transactions within this program can be restricted at Operator, Group, Role or Company level. You configure this using the eSignature Setup program.

eSignature Transaction Description
AR Payment posted

Controls access for posting customer payments in the AR Payments and Adjustments, AR Payments Import and AR Payment Run programs.

AR Adjustment posted

Controls access for adding adjustments in the AR Payments and Adjustments and AR Payment Run programs.

AR Miscellaneous receipt posted

Controls access for adding miscellaneous receipts in the AR Payments and Adjustments and AR Payment Run programs.

AR Payment Detail

Controls access to the logging details of AR payment detail lines selected when posting customer payments using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.

When a re-established invoice is paid, the first line of the transaction is not included on the log; only the payment lines against the transaction are written to the log.

[Note]

This eSignature only writes to the eSignatures audit log. It does not prevent the posting of customer payments.

This eSignature should only be used with the Access control level of Log only. No details are written to the log when the Access control level is set to Denied.

Activity considerations

Operator access to the following activities within this program can be restricted. You configure this using the Operators program.

Activity Description
AR Payments Controls whether an operator can process a Payment transaction type using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Adjustments Controls whether an operator can process a Adjustment transaction type using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Miscellaneous receipts Controls whether an operator can process a Miscellaneous Receipt transaction type using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Option to write settlement discount notes Controls whether an operator can deselect the Create discount notes option in the AR Payments and Adjustments program. This activity applies only when printing credit or debit settlement discount notes As required (Accounts Receivable Setup).
AR Allow to Recalculate Payment Amount to equal selected invoices Controls whether an operator can access the Recalc Amount function to recalculate the payment amount to equal the selected invoices during processing in the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Change Trade Promotions deduction customer for payment Controls whether an operator can change the Deduction customer in the AR Payments and Adjustments and Deduction Review programs for customers defined as Trade promotions customers (Customers).

In the AR Payments and Adjustments program, this applies when the value of the payment amount is less than the invoices selected for payment.

In the Deduction Review program, the deduction customer can be changed to the master account or to any sub-account in the grouping. See Reclassify.

Password considerations

Password access to the following functions in this program may be defined in the Password Definition program. When defined, the password must be entered before you can access the function.

Field Description
AR Posting to a previous month This password restricts access to posting Accounts Receivable transactions to a previous period (see Multi-period accounting).
AR Posting a payment in Payment and Adjustments This password restricts access to posting a Payment transaction using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Posting an adjustment in Payments and Adjustments This password restricts access to posting an Adjustment transaction using the AR Payments and Adjustments program.
AR Re-establishing of invoices This password restricts access to the Re-establish function of the AR Payments and Adjustments program, which enables re-entering details of an invoice that is no longer held on file.

Troubleshooting

TPM Allocation

  • Currently the system does not support a combination of positive and negative TPM transactions.

    This message is displayed when you select the Post function and you selected to allocate a Trade Promotion Deduction amount to a mixture of positive and negative document amounts in the Documents to Pay listview.

    See also Trade Promotion deduction allocation restrictions.